ڈاکٹر محمود احمد غازی
ڈاکٹر محمود احمد غازی
ایک اور افسوس ناک خبر ڈاکٹر محمود احمد غازی کی وفات کی ہے، علوم اسلامیہ اور جدید عصری تقاضوں کی نزاکت و اہمیت سے باخبری ان کی امتیازی خصوصیت تھی، ان کی اردو، عربی اور انگریزی کتابوں سے ان کی فکر و نظر نمایاں ہے، پاکستان میں وہ اعلیٰ علمی عہدوں پر فائز رہے لیکن ان کا تواضع و انکسار کبھی ان سے جدا نہیں ہوا، ۸۲ء میں ’’اسلام اور مستشرقین‘‘ سمینار میں تشریف لائے، اسلام آباد سے اعظم گڑھ تک اس راہ نوردی کو سید صباح الدین عبدالرحمن مرحوم نے دارالمصنفین سے والہانہ عشق سے تعبیر کیا تھا، اﷲ تعالیٰ مغفرت فرمائے۔ (جنوری ۲۰۱۰ء)
Conceptualizing Poverty in Capitalism and Islam
This study investigates poverty in Capitalism and Islam in terms of both; as an economic ism and as a living ideology. Capitalism as a living ideology, based on its’ philosophical foundations, eventually yields class conflict, deprivation, discrimination and accumulation of wealth in the hands of a few capitalists. Capitalism as an economic ism has become unpopular in the world not only because of socioeconomic injustices but also due to environmental degradation and losses in biodiversity. Theoretical analysis reveals that the built in mechanism (Demand-Supply) of capitalism is incapable to resolve the issue of poverty effectively. Poverty in Islamic context is a pure economic concept which does not affect the social class system and social values of humans. Furthermore, the measurement concept of poverty in Islam is different from the Capitalism. Poverty has been measured based on the minimum prescribed amount (Nisab) postulated by Islam. Various categories of the poor have been identified while benchmarking the minimum prescribed amount. Keeping into consideration the philosophical foundation of the Capitalism and Islamic Economic System (IES) the study reveals that IES has more potential to resolve the issue of poverty on more fair and equitable basis than the Capitalism.Investigating Determinants of Buying Behavior in Higher Education Instituttions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan .
study is based on economic analysis of moonlighting and wage rate determination in higher education institutes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The main objective was to investigate the determinants of moonlighting and moonlighting wage in public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Multi-stage sampling was used. In the first stage, the population was stratified into rural, semi urban and urban universities. A simple random sample of nine universities was selected from each stratum using proportional allocation method. In stage two, each of the selected universities (primary sampling units) were further stratified according to the designation of the faculty and a sample of 656 faculty members was selected using simple random sampling with proportional allocation of units‟ selection. Logistic regression was used for analysis based on the incidence of moonlighting or not moonlighting while generalized linear modeling and ordinary least square was used for moonlighting wage rate determinants. Wage rate of second job, accumulative wage of more than one second jobs, employment status and cadre, hours of work at second job, location and marital status were found significant in its effect towards moonlighting. Moonlighting wage rate was found to be significantly affected by location, age, hours of work at second job, and job grades. The study found a reliable measure which divided moonlighting into occupation specific and non occupation specific motives. There was found no significant difference between the need fulfillment of those who moonlight and those who does not. Moonlighters were found more need deficient in security, esteem and actualization needs. It was recommended to align the salaries of the employees across locations and wages at primary job to be increased and focus on need fulfillment may be prioritized. Moonlighting may be encouraged as it leads the moonlighters to improve their academic performance. However it should not suffer their efficiency at their primary work place. Moonlighting should be taken by choice and not by chance to meet/feel minimum need fulfillment deficiency. In some institutions where employees cannot be recruited on regular basis, moonlighters can help perform such duties and contribute to organizations in terms of teaching and research. So it should be encouraged.مطالعہ یہودیت
Written for students who likely have either no knowledge of Judaism or else come to the subject with preconceptions highly colored by political and religious polemics, this book offers a comprehensive introduction to the Jewish tradition from religious, historical, and cultural perspectives.